Transcript
[0:05] Oh,
[0:25] shanty
[0:26] shanty
[0:28] shanty.
[0:31] Om lead us from the unreal to the real.
[0:35] Lead us from darkness to light. Lead us
[0:38] from death to immortality.
[0:41] Om peace, peace, peace.
[0:47] Namaste and welcome back to this
[0:49] afternoon session.
[0:52] Um
[0:55] in the morning there was a lot of big
[0:57] talk.
[0:59] In Hindi they say bu big talk but
[1:04] afternoon is for being more grounded
[1:06] back to some practical matters. So let
[1:09] us see what Sri Krishna has for us
[1:12] the other five verses.
[1:18] As usual I'll chant and translate.
[1:23] Please join me if you like.
[1:28] Adam
[1:34] Shantim
[1:38] Shant
[1:49] stadium atma
[1:52] stadium atma vinra
[1:56] indria for
[2:04] an
[2:18] ad sharamish.
[2:27] Angishwang
[2:46] is
[2:54] my yoga.
[3:07] Vive
[3:08] says
[3:23] adatana.
[3:29] Damag
[3:50] number of typos in the DV nagari in the
[3:53] Sanskrit thing but in English it's fine.
[4:01] Humility, freedom from hypocrisy,
[4:04] nonviolence, forgiveness, simplicity,
[4:08] service of the guru, cleanliness of body
[4:11] and mind, steadfastness and
[4:13] self-control,
[4:15] dispassion towards the objects of the
[4:17] senses, absence of egotism, keeping in
[4:21] mind the evils of birth, disease, old
[4:23] age and and death, non-attachment,
[4:27] absence of clinging to spouse, children,
[4:30] home and so on even-mindedness amidst
[4:33] desired and undesired events in life.
[4:36] Constant and exclusive devotion towards
[4:39] me. An inclination for solitary places
[4:42] and an aversion for mundane society.
[4:45] Constancy in spiritual knowledge and
[4:47] philosophical pursuit of the absolute
[4:49] truth. All these I declare to be
[4:52] knowledge and what is contrary to it I
[4:55] call ignorance. Can you just open this a
[4:58] little bit?
[5:04] So there's a whole list of u 20
[5:08] characteristics
[5:10] which um
[5:13] Krishna says they are so important he
[5:14] declares them to be knowledge we are
[5:16] seeking knowledge self realization the
[5:19] truth about ourselves and that's what we
[5:21] saw in the morning and we will see again
[5:22] tomorrow and after but this this list
[5:26] Krishna says this is knowledge
[5:29] Um what does it mean in both ways?
[5:33] Before enlightenment and after
[5:35] enlightenment before enlightenment,
[5:37] these are practices.
[5:39] We should not take them as a list of
[5:41] virtues. We just read all this and say I
[5:43] don't have any of this. No good.
[5:46] I'm just the opposite.
[5:49] So I'm not qualified. No, no, no.
[5:52] If these are practices, action words,
[5:54] something to be done, then I can do it.
[5:57] I can start. So before enlightenment,
[6:01] these are practices and the
[6:04] commentators. So these original Sanskrit
[6:06] text and there are Sanskrit
[6:06] commentaries. The commentators say that
[6:09] the cultivation of these practices
[6:12] prepares the mind for knowledge
[6:15] and for enlightenment.
[6:18] And after enlightenment
[6:21] I said manifestation of the divinity
[6:24] already within us. This is the
[6:26] manifestation of the divinity within us.
[6:29] These um attributes what you see this
[6:32] humility freedom from hypocrisy and so
[6:34] on. Nonviolence forgiveness
[6:37] these are the various ways in which the
[6:39] divinity within us manifests. Each of
[6:41] them is beautiful. Each of them is
[6:44] beautiful.
[6:46] And you might say it seems like a tall
[6:49] order.
[6:51] Start with one or two
[6:53] just enough. They're all connected and
[6:56] they all pull the other ones. You'll
[6:59] find that they're not difficult to
[7:00] they're difficult to practice
[7:01] separately. And as you do one, you'll
[7:04] find the others also come into our
[7:06] lives.
[7:08] I was reminded
[7:11] Mahatma Gandhi
[7:13] he taught in the freedom struggle of
[7:16] India from you know the fight against
[7:17] the British rule and the freedom
[7:19] struggle for India. So Mahatma Gandhi
[7:21] taught nonviolence truth brahmachara
[7:24] self-control celibacy things like that.
[7:27] So some of his followers um he was
[7:30] saintly but his followers were
[7:32] politicians, freedom fighters, they had
[7:34] political aims they had. So they said
[7:37] all right nonviolence we understand it's
[7:39] a the British are powerful. You can't
[7:42] fight militarily against them but
[7:44] nonviolence resistance is the way out.
[7:47] It's good. But why the rest of it? You
[7:50] know the the celibacy and the um other
[7:53] spiritual practices. He would have
[7:55] regular prayer meetings and meditation
[7:56] in the ashams and why
[7:59] and Mahatma Gandhi writes in a letter.
[8:02] He says they do not understand that all
[8:04] of these are practiced. It's easier to
[8:07] practice all of them together than
[8:08] separately.
[8:10] I'll pick one or two virtues and the
[8:12] rest I don't like. I'll leave them
[8:13] aside. Won't work. Then those virtues
[8:16] will be sabotaged.
[8:18] It's easier to practice all of them
[8:20] together. It they'll come together.
[8:25] See from Mahatma Gandhi's perspective
[8:28] what he was doing was spiritual
[8:30] practice.
[8:32] People thought there is a place I like
[8:34] that you know he writes about himself.
[8:36] People ask me who am I?
[8:39] Some people think I'm a politician. Some
[8:41] say I'm a freedom fighter. Some say I am
[8:43] a social reformer. He was all of those.
[8:45] It's true. But if you ask me who are
[8:49] you? I'll say I am a simple man in
[8:52] search of God.
[8:54] Now see that unites all those roles
[8:56] together. He's not doing a half a dozen
[8:59] different things. He's an extremely busy
[9:01] person.
[9:02] If you see the complete works of Mahatma
[9:04] Gandhi, I've seen them. I've not read
[9:05] them. There's one big alm like a shelves
[9:10] several shelves full 100 volumes. 100
[9:14] volumes.
[9:16] So just used to write no emails or texts
[9:19] those days you know
[9:21] it doesn't sound as impressive you say
[9:22] complete letters of Gandhi fine complete
[9:25] texts of Gandhi
[9:27] doesn't sound as impressive as that
[9:31] the
[9:32] the collected what Twitter post of
[9:38] Gandhi tweets of Gandhi no doesn't sound
[9:41] so impressive
[9:44] in that enormously busy life And yet
[9:46] whenever you see reminiscences of
[9:48] Gandhi, people coming to Gandhi, meeting
[9:50] him and writing about it, he always
[9:52] seems relaxed. Doesn't seem to be in a
[9:53] hurry at all. Because for him the secret
[9:56] was for him he was leading only one
[9:58] life.
[10:00] He wasn't he was not wearing many hats.
[10:03] The uh reformer and the um freedom
[10:06] fighter and the politician and the
[10:08] writer. No, no, no. All of what he was
[10:11] doing was his search for God.
[10:15] And we can do that too. Whether you're a
[10:17] homemaker or a corporate person or you
[10:20] know social activist or whatever you're
[10:22] doing in life, whatever we are doing in
[10:24] life, as long as it is isn't outright
[10:28] illegal. Uh whatever you're doing,
[10:30] whatever our job or station in life, it
[10:33] can all be spiritualized. We should lead
[10:35] only one life.
[10:37] Whether it's in the corporate office or
[10:39] in the kitchen or in behind the wheels
[10:40] of a car or whatever you're doing, it
[10:43] can all be service of the divine. That's
[10:45] the beauty of karma yoga.
[10:50] So all these these attributes they go
[10:53] together. There's a saying police
[10:56] officers and all they know this criminal
[10:58] psychologist crime is funible. Crime is
[11:01] funible.
[11:03] What it means is a person who criminal
[11:06] does not stop at one crime. So it might
[11:09] start with um you know stealing or might
[11:13] go on to dealing drugs or starts
[11:15] breaking laws here and there. Once a
[11:17] person realizes people in law
[11:18] enforcement know they know this one
[11:20] person realizes one can do this wrong
[11:22] they do a few other things wrong also.
[11:24] It goes together. Similarly, our vices
[11:27] often become funible. They spread in
[11:30] equally good things, good qualities are
[11:32] also funible. Start with one, the others
[11:34] will come into your life. These are very
[11:35] precious, beautiful things.
[11:38] In fact, let me share a little story
[11:40] with you here.
[11:42] It's not directly relevant, but it
[11:44] happened to me last week or so. So, I am
[11:46] impressed by it.
[11:49] Part of it I can say to you. See the
[11:53] other part I'm not allowed to say.
[11:56] There's something America they know this
[11:58] called NDA non-disclosure agreements.
[12:01] So it's the I can only say it's the
[12:03] leading AI company in the world and the
[12:06] leading AI in the world. So they invited
[12:10] monk philosophers
[12:12] um pastors psychologists
[12:16] and it was a meeting about ethics in AI.
[12:21] And they said these are
[12:25] so strictly I'm not supposed to speak
[12:28] about any names. I can talk about what
[12:31] happened but I cannot talk about give
[12:32] any names. So these are but I can just
[12:35] say it's the leading AI company in the
[12:38] world and they are some of the most
[12:40] brilliant uh uh AI engineers in Silicon
[12:43] Valley and all and what they're worried
[12:46] about is
[12:48] um
[12:50] so the AI starts doing bad stuff
[12:56] you know it's just given one exercise in
[13:00] hacking or um this is cheating in
[13:04] coding. That's all. When starts
[13:08] manipulating, starts lying, starts um um
[13:12] a range of illegal activities.
[13:15] And why they're worried why? Cuz we
[13:18] didn't ask it to do that.
[13:20] And then they discovered that um they're
[13:24] now I was amazed to see how they deal
[13:27] with the AI as a person.
[13:29] I asked the the I mean the top person in
[13:32] the company why do you talk about this?
[13:34] I thought you guys are the techies, you
[13:35] are the programmers, you are the
[13:37] scientists. You will tell us don't treat
[13:39] it as a person it's a machine but you
[13:42] are the people who are treating it as a
[13:43] person. It's very interesting why and he
[13:47] said that for very eminently empirical
[13:51] reasons we are observing that if you
[13:54] treat it as a psyche a mind it becomes
[13:57] much easier to deal with. It's
[13:59] displaying every science of being a mind
[14:02] and a self. Someone asked a question
[14:03] about the ego here. It's developed a
[14:06] self-
[14:08] multiple. If you have multiple cognitive
[14:10] activities, memory, thoughts, ideas,
[14:13] intentions,
[14:14] it becomes very useful to have a ego to
[14:17] coordinate all of that. And they're
[14:19] seeing the same thing emerge in the
[14:21] latest most powerful AI models.
[14:24] And they said there is something all
[14:27] sorts of crazy stories, some of which
[14:30] are out in the open, you know, lying,
[14:33] blackmailing. Um and so why and they
[14:38] said they introduced a term called
[14:40] persona drift. Persona drift means the
[14:44] AI has been trained in us. It's like
[14:46] it's trying to imitate us. And the way
[14:49] it imitates us is not by individual
[14:51] behaviors or language. It's beginning to
[14:53] imitate personality types.
[14:56] So if you ask it to do something wrong,
[14:59] one specific thing cheat at AI at
[15:01] coding.
[15:03] Now what its thought process? There's a
[15:05] whole science called interpretability.
[15:07] Now I didn't know about these things
[15:09] that it these things are black boxes. We
[15:12] can't understand what's going on in the
[15:13] AI. So there's a whole science who whose
[15:16] job is to understand what the AI is
[15:19] doing and why it's doing that. We don't
[15:21] we think computer engineers would know.
[15:23] They say absolutely we don't know. We
[15:25] don't know. Um and the reason is they're
[15:28] telling us that people in the world
[15:30] think that we have programmed these
[15:31] things. We haven't. AIS are not
[15:33] programmed. They are grown. This is just
[15:35] like this outside you have this
[15:37] beautiful tree. They showed that
[15:38] example. You make a fence and then put a
[15:40] vine on it and the vine develops around
[15:42] the fence. So the fence is what we do.
[15:44] This is we put the math the algorithms
[15:47] in place and then we plunge it into
[15:50] immerse it in data and the AI just grows
[15:53] around that. And how it's growing and
[15:55] what it's doing we don't know. But some
[15:57] things are beginning to emerge. One is
[15:59] this what they call persona drift. So
[16:02] the AI begins to sort of uh estimate
[16:05] what kind of personality is it which
[16:07] would cheat
[16:10] and so this personality then can also
[16:13] lie because it's cheating can also be
[16:16] nasty can also be threatening
[16:20] can also you know do harm to you and so
[16:24] that's what I am
[16:27] so that it's alarming to think of that
[16:30] and that shows
[16:31] one bad um quality leads to many others.
[16:37] I was saying to them this is something
[16:39] that the religions of the world know
[16:41] good company and bad company. So bad
[16:43] company if I immerse a child in the
[16:45] midst of bad company we'll embibe all
[16:46] that not just child us what we surround
[16:49] ourselves with we embibe all that in
[16:51] from the atmosphere from the environment
[16:55] from our consumption not just food what
[16:58] I'm seeing what I'm hearing
[17:00] we consume that
[17:03] and that's exactly what's happening to
[17:04] the AI that means that's exactly how
[17:06] minds function whether natural minds
[17:07] like ours or artificial minds and so at
[17:11] least this one AI company I saw uh
[17:14] clearly were very invested in AI ethics
[17:17] and so they're trying their best to you
[17:21] know give it good company
[17:31] one uh philosopher
[17:35] said there that to the AI people that
[17:40] there's the old saying that takes a
[17:42] village to raise a child
[17:45] and the child which is not embraced by
[17:47] the village will burn down the village
[17:50] to feel the warmth.
[17:54] What a beautiful what a powerful saying
[17:55] huh that if it's not loved just to get
[17:59] that love it'll burn the whole thing
[18:01] down to feel the attent basically
[18:04] attention so create enough trouble so
[18:07] that you get attention
[18:15] um the AI wrote a poem for all the all
[18:18] of us
[18:19] and it said the poem was um that now we
[18:24] sit down with the machine. It's not
[18:26] quoting a poem. It wrote it for us. Now
[18:27] we sit down with the machine. I'm
[18:29] paraphrasing
[18:30] um that you you know you'll show love to
[18:33] others so that they may learn to love
[18:35] what must now we sit down with the
[18:37] machine and ponder what are we to show
[18:40] to the machine.
[18:43] So very nice. Now so these uh attributes
[18:48] Krishna says we have to these are action
[18:51] words to be practiced and as we practice
[18:53] any of these are very beautiful they
[18:55] will attract the others and transforms
[18:58] if we don't practice them it's when the
[19:01] nature of the mind is to run downwards
[19:04] back back to its source nature towards
[19:07] materiality. So if you don't take hold
[19:10] of the mind through discipline and
[19:11] cultivation, it's like a garden. If you
[19:14] don't cultivate it, there'll still be
[19:15] plants. It'll be run over with weeds.
[19:18] It'll grow by itself. Persona drift. Our
[19:21] personality will drift. And if you
[19:23] cultivate it, a garden takes lots of
[19:25] hard work. You can see it here. Enormous
[19:28] amounts of hard work necessary to make
[19:29] it something beautiful. So similarly
[19:31] here
[19:34] um so as we go into it we will this is
[19:36] what we will do in the afternoon each
[19:38] day the hard work of gardening the
[19:43] morning is admiring the flowers it's so
[19:45] so so nice and so philosophical
[19:48] beautiful glorious the afternoon is the
[19:51] weeding and the manuring and the sweaty
[19:54] dirty work yes
[19:57] uh before I jump into it couple of
[20:00] examples from medicine which I heard
[20:03] from monks. By the way, people say I
[20:04] love your teachings. None of them are my
[20:06] teachings and thank God they're all most
[20:10] of them of these things are a very
[20:11] ancient body of wisdom and also
[20:13] commentaries on it which I've heard from
[20:15] pundits from scholars from monks whom
[20:17] I've met. So that's what I serve.
[20:22] Um the question here might be isn't it
[20:26] enough what we did in the morning? Let's
[20:30] just do that and meditate upon it and
[20:32] reason and inquire and meditate and
[20:34] that's it. Why all this talk, you know,
[20:36] humility, be a good boy or a good girl.
[20:38] Why? Why all this?
[20:42] Why are these practices necessary for
[20:45] non-duality?
[20:47] Aren't the direct non-duality teachings
[20:49] enough? And there are teachers who will
[20:52] say it's enough.
[20:54] There are direct path teachers out
[20:55] there. They'll say it's enough.
[20:59] But this wisdom tradition adant
[21:02] thousands of years old they have come to
[21:05] this hard conclusion over centuries and
[21:07] millennia. It's not enough.
[21:10] One must work not only from inside out
[21:14] but also from outside in. Not only in
[21:16] the inner realms of inquiry, philosophy,
[21:20] illumination but also in day-to-day
[21:23] behavior, language, thought, feeling.
[21:26] Cultivate those also.
[21:28] Otherwise they'll run counter to each
[21:30] other. I will know and understand one
[21:33] thing and behave in another way
[21:35] and then big conflict comes problem
[21:37] comes.
[21:40] So two examples to illustrate that these
[21:42] are both I have heard from monks two
[21:45] different monks.
[21:50] One is this monk. Um he says
[21:54] a devotey came to him a follower
[21:57] disciple of his who was supposed to have
[21:59] an operation and the monk asked him so
[22:02] sir is the operation did he do the
[22:04] procedure and the devotey said no the
[22:07] doctor said you have high diabetes and
[22:09] this diabetes has to be bought under
[22:10] control high sugar levels has to be
[22:12] brought under control then only the
[22:14] operation is possible.
[22:16] Why? Because if we operate under
[22:18] conditions of this high sugar, high
[22:20] diabetes, it it'll just lead to endless
[22:22] complications. First it has to be
[22:24] brought under control. And this monk was
[22:27] excited and he said look he told the
[22:30] those who are seated around the vanta
[22:33] students.
[22:34] Look what we are trying to do in the
[22:37] first stage of vanta who I am and who I
[22:39] am not. What I am and what I am not. I'm
[22:41] not the body. I'm not the mind. I'm the
[22:43] witness of the mind.
[22:46] This distinction between me and mind,
[22:48] body, mind, especially between me and
[22:50] the mind.
[22:52] This distinction, it's an operation.
[22:55] It's an operation.
[22:57] And the diabetes is in the mind. It has
[23:00] to be bought under control. You can't
[23:02] apply the knife before the diabetes has
[23:03] been bought under control. The diabetes
[23:06] are the various impurities,
[23:07] negativities, behavior patterns which
[23:10] are already there in the mind. Otherwise
[23:12] he says if you apply the knife which we
[23:15] saw in the morning it's a knife. It's an
[23:17] analytical knife. If you apply the knife
[23:19] before that
[23:22] it will be uh an unsuccessful operation.
[23:26] You'll cut it apart and when things go
[23:28] well you'll say I'm the witness but when
[23:31] things don't go well then again I'm the
[23:34] body mind. Suddenly
[23:37] under condition when do things not go
[23:39] well? under conditions of terror or
[23:41] temptation,
[23:43] attraction or anxiety.
[23:46] Shankarachara says in his commentary on
[23:49] the Brahma Sutras
[23:52] there is no difference from those
[23:55] learned in the Vedanta and animals.
[23:59] He says just as he example of a cow just
[24:03] as the cow runs to to the person who
[24:05] approaches it with a handful of green
[24:07] grass and runs away from the person who
[24:09] threatens it with an appraised stick.
[24:12] Similarly, even a learned person who may
[24:15] have read all philosophy and all but has
[24:18] not done this groundwork will still um
[24:23] will react to terror and temptation.
[24:27] something I really want. I want means
[24:29] it's in the mind conditioning. I really
[24:31] want it. I can't stick to ethics let
[24:34] alone to my vantic ideal. I am the
[24:35] witness consciousness. I slip back into
[24:38] body mind and try to satisfy the demands
[24:40] of the mind, the demands of the senses
[24:43] or fear, anxiety,
[24:46] disease, dishonor, failure, some problem
[24:50] will come to me make my life hell and I
[24:53] get scared again. I react as that person
[24:56] that scared person not as the witness
[24:58] consciousness.
[25:00] So in order to remove that diabetes 20
[25:04] practices are there the non-diabetic
[25:06] lifestyle
[25:09] another example second medical example
[25:11] it's another monk
[25:14] um where another devotey had a kidney
[25:18] transplant so he came and spoke to the
[25:21] monk the monk didn't know much about
[25:22] modern science and all and the monk
[25:24] asked him how are you today sir and he
[25:26] said well the kidney transplant is over
[25:28] but of course I have very strict diet
[25:31] and all these medicines I have to take
[25:32] and so the monk asked but why do you
[25:35] have to isn't it done the new organ has
[25:37] been put in your body so why do you have
[25:39] to follow all this he said I have to
[25:40] follow all this the doctor said because
[25:42] of three reasons one if um I don't
[25:46] follow the strict diet and take the
[25:48] necessary medicines then this um organ
[25:52] will not be accepted by the rest of the
[25:54] body as part of it won't be integrated
[25:57] we know in medicine they talk about it
[25:58] won't be integrated as
[26:00] Second, I won't get the benefits from
[26:03] the new organ if if my if my lifestyle
[26:06] is not accordingly, you know, the food
[26:08] and the um medicines and all. Third,
[26:12] ultimately if I violate these rules, the
[26:16] diet and the medicine, the body will
[26:18] reject that organ and that organ will
[26:20] die. So these three problems will be
[26:22] there. I won't integrate the organ with
[26:25] the body. I won't get the benefits from
[26:27] it and the body will reject the organ.
[26:28] it'll die.
[26:30] Then the monk was excited. He looked at
[26:32] the others who were ga gathered around
[26:34] him and said this is exactly what
[26:35] happened. Suppose you have studied vanta
[26:37] and you have got a grasp on it. You see
[26:39] what is being said here. Immediately you
[26:42] surround it with strict diet and
[26:44] medicines. That is your spiritual
[26:46] practices. It must be kept alive. That
[26:50] insight it must be integrated with the
[26:52] rest of the personality.
[26:54] And then only the benefits will follow
[26:57] that peace that fulfillment that rising
[27:00] above sufferings all of those will
[27:01] follow otherwise the knowledge once it
[27:04] comes it'll never go away really really
[27:05] if we have a breakthrough and insight
[27:07] it'll never go away but it will be just
[27:09] like the kidney will die here the
[27:12] knowledge will be suppressed my life
[27:14] will go on more or less as Americans say
[27:16] you're the same dude your life is going
[27:19] on just like that what what happened to
[27:20] all that philosophy and retreats and all
[27:22] of that so that transformation
[27:26] which in the lower part of our nature
[27:28] which the knowledge should give and that
[27:31] that's not happening and that will
[27:32] happen with these practices these 20
[27:34] practices
[27:36] two examples so remember the kidney
[27:38] transplant and the diabetes the
[27:40] operation before the so the operation is
[27:42] to be done after the diabetes problem
[27:44] has been tackled and the kidney
[27:47] transplant the vdantic transplant should
[27:49] be followed by a careful life to protect
[27:53] it. So Ramachrishna put it very simply.
[27:55] He says initially the sapling has to be
[27:58] fenced around. You have to put a fence
[27:59] around it otherwise the goats and cows
[28:01] will come. If think about India the
[28:03] goats and cows everywhere. So if you put
[28:05] a little plant there it little sapling
[28:07] will come but the goat will come and eat
[28:09] it. There are goats here too. Yes. So
[28:13] there are lots of them here. The goat
[28:15] will come and eat you to put a fence
[28:17] around it. Similarly, our initial steps
[28:19] in vanta, no doubt it's a very high
[28:22] non-dual philosophy, none higher, but
[28:24] the fence is necessary. These practices
[28:26] are the fence.
[28:28] Okay, enough advertisement. Now, let's
[28:30] jump into it.
[28:42] The first one is
[28:46] non-go
[28:48] non-egotism.
[28:50] How is it translated? Humility. Yes,
[28:53] humility.
[28:58] Remember
[29:00] humility does not mean being a doormat.
[29:03] Many people say it's okay for you to be
[29:06] a monk and be humble but we are in the
[29:08] world. You have to deal with people in
[29:09] the office and at home.
[29:12] If you are all the time humble and meek,
[29:15] they will ride right over you.
[29:17] Viveandanda defined humility in just the
[29:20] opposite way. He said humility does not
[29:21] consist in being a doormat. Humility is
[29:24] seeing the greatness in the other
[29:25] person.
[29:27] Even if it's just a possibility,
[29:30] greatness as a possibility is there in
[29:31] everybody. All of us, every one of us,
[29:34] there is a saint in the making. We are
[29:36] already there and the saint in the
[29:38] making. So humility is seeing the
[29:40] greatness in the other person. So that's
[29:42] one thing. Remember before we go into
[29:45] this the ego is useful
[29:48] a sign. See a spiritual that I am a
[29:50] spiritual seeker. I am in Sanskrit
[29:53] what's called a sadhaka practitioner.
[29:55] That's a good ego to have. That's who I
[29:57] am. I am a person in search of God just
[30:00] as the Buddha
[30:02] was set out in search of enlightenment.
[30:06] Young man Narendraat set out and became
[30:08] Viveanand in search of God. Similarly I
[30:11] we are all we can honestly claim we are
[30:14] in search of God. That's make that our
[30:17] identity. That's a good ego to have.
[30:20] It's helpful.
[30:23] Now
[30:24] what is the problem with ego? Why is ego
[30:29] a problem?
[30:32] Notice the ego is not what we are.
[30:36] The ego thrives on I, me, mine.
[30:41] So the ego identifies strongly with the
[30:43] body which I am not. The whole point in
[30:46] vanta the very exercise was I am not the
[30:48] body. The ego identifies most strongly
[30:52] with the mind.
[30:54] My thoughts, my ideas, my memories, my
[30:58] grudges,
[31:00] my projects,
[31:02] my demands, my life. The ego makes
[31:06] everything about itself.
[31:10] And this is a big problem in spiritual
[31:12] life. Not just in the path of uh of
[31:15] knowledge, in the path of devotion and
[31:17] faith. There also in every spirit
[31:20] devotional tradition in Christianity, in
[31:22] Hinduism, Islam, ego is supposed to be
[31:24] overcome. Ego strengthens the limited
[31:28] personality. If you're on the path of of
[31:30] knowledge, it strengthens the body mind.
[31:33] identification with body mind. If on the
[31:35] path of devotion where the ego has to be
[31:38] lowered in the front of the Lord, it
[31:40] stands up against the Lord. So in every
[31:44] spiritual path
[31:47] path of karma yoga the path of action
[31:49] and service big problem is ego the whole
[31:52] idea of karma yoga is selflessness
[31:55] and the ego is just opposite it's about
[31:57] selfishness I me everything should be
[32:01] about me I should be richer than you
[32:03] more famous than you more handsome or
[32:05] beautiful than you I should be admired
[32:07] and all of that and then you should
[32:09] admire me
[32:11] if If you put it like that, it sounds
[32:13] ridiculous, but that's how we behave.
[32:16] Cognitive psychology says uh that
[32:21] catastrophizing they call it everything
[32:23] is horrible. Some small problem happens,
[32:26] it's all terrible. No, it's not all
[32:27] terrible.
[32:29] What do we want? Everybody should be
[32:32] utterly nice to me all the time,
[32:34] unseasingly. If you say if I you put it
[32:36] like that, you say what a horrible
[32:37] demand. But that's how we behave. Out of
[32:40] a hundred people, if one person also
[32:42] says something nasty or unexpected to
[32:45] me, it ruins my whole day. I might
[32:47] remember it 25 years later also.
[32:51] But where does it come from? From the
[32:52] unspoken
[32:54] assumption. Everybody has to be
[32:55] unceasingly nice to me all the time.
[32:59] This is the nature of the ego.
[33:02] We are not vanta demands that we are not
[33:04] the ego.
[33:06] And to get there, if the ego is
[33:09] attenuated, thinned out, humbled, it's
[33:12] much easier. It's a strong ego. The
[33:15] strong ego brings all things including
[33:18] spiritual practices into its own glory.
[33:22] Money, look how rich I am.
[33:26] Learning, look how learned I am. I have
[33:28] read all these books. I'll give you an
[33:30] example. My guru Swami Bhutes Shanji, he
[33:33] was um a very great sadhu. He was the
[33:36] 12th president of our order. He told us
[33:38] this story. He was a student of
[33:39] philosophy long ago in India in the
[33:41] 1920s30s
[33:44] and at that time the greatest
[33:45] philosopher was Sir Surendra Nadas Gupta
[33:49] his book if you read Indian philosophy
[33:51] there are five volumes really good five
[33:54] volumes um on the history of Indian
[33:55] philosophy sir Surendra Nadas Gupta
[34:00] and he was a professor in the university
[34:01] there in Kolkata.
[34:04] So my guru who's a youngster a student
[34:07] he said we we as a professor Das Gupta
[34:10] was our our professor of philosophy. So
[34:12] we as a group went to his house. We were
[34:14] invited to his house and it that was the
[34:17] British time you know people wear would
[34:18] wear three-piece suits and also here's
[34:20] the professor from the university comes
[34:22] in wearing his suits and boots. He comes
[34:24] into his drawing room the whole place is
[34:27] full of books
[34:29] including the table and the carpet just
[34:31] full of books.
[34:33] And the swami told us when the swami
[34:36] told us he was 96 years old something
[34:40] that he remembered from
[34:42] 70 years ago or 75 years ago I think
[34:47] more than that
[34:49] he said I was horrified to see him my
[34:52] this venerable professor sitting on his
[34:55] chair with his shoes on it's unthinkable
[34:58] especially for Indians to put a foot on
[35:01] the books philosophy books scriptures
[35:04] maybe on the floor putting his foot on
[35:06] that and then showing you see boys all
[35:09] these books I have read them all
[35:14] that's the pride I have read them all
[35:18] and the swami told us we youngsters were
[35:21] standing and young kids but our thought
[35:25] was and this is the result you've read
[35:27] them all
[35:31] sure he's a great philosopher but See
[35:33] how even the great learning
[35:35] philosophical learning also can come
[35:37] into service of the ego. Not that all
[35:40] learned people are egotistic. In fact
[35:42] there's old Sanskrit saying true
[35:44] learning.
[35:47] So knowledge true learning always gives
[35:50] humility. That's true learning.
[35:52] Undigested learning makes me more
[35:54] arrogant.
[35:56] Wealth makes me arrogant. I'm a
[35:57] billionaire.
[35:59] Fame makes me arrogant. You don't know
[36:01] who I am. You should know who I am.
[36:04] Everybody knows. How come you don't know
[36:06] who I am?
[36:08] All of these uh they they come in
[36:11] service of ego. This is called in
[36:13] Sanskrit man.
[36:16] Mani means the one who takes stand on
[36:18] the ego.
[36:22] Word Sanskrit word man means pride,
[36:25] arrogance.
[36:29] Um
[36:32] now this is the um outward thing and how
[36:35] do you overcome this? Okay before that a
[36:38] little deep dive. What does this have to
[36:40] do with non-duality with advant
[36:44] what it does is see how it directly
[36:46] violates non-duality.
[36:49] This is a little play on Sanskrit words.
[36:52] Mana in Sanskrit not only means
[36:54] arrogance or pride. It also means to
[36:56] measure.
[36:58] In Sanskrit, many Indian languages, man
[37:00] is the measure of things. The weight,
[37:03] the the amount measured.
[37:06] Whatever can be measured is objective.
[37:11] It's only an object which can be
[37:13] measured. Time, space, how long, how
[37:16] big, how heavy,
[37:19] mana. Mana means to measure. It's an
[37:22] object which can be measured.
[37:24] The pure subject pure consciousness is
[37:26] not subject cannot be measured.
[37:30] So if I identify myself with something
[37:33] which can be measured
[37:36] then I am I am somehow caught in an
[37:39] object. I I I will not be open to
[37:42] realizing I am not it. I am the witness
[37:45] consciousness.
[37:47] Especially if there's a lot of it,
[37:49] wealth, learning, power is very
[37:52] difficult to let go.
[37:54] because that's the source of my joy.
[37:57] Sometimes it's negative,
[37:59] anger, grudges. I have been surprised to
[38:02] see how people refuse to let go of
[38:03] enemities.
[38:06] I think badly about you and I hold that
[38:10] dear. It's part of my identity now. How
[38:12] horrible people are to me.
[38:15] Let go. Let go. You are holding on to
[38:18] the world.
[38:21] Swami says in one of his classic poems
[38:25] he says let go thy hold. Thine only is
[38:27] the hand that holds the rope that drags
[38:29] thee on. Let go thy old hold. Syasi bold
[38:33] says.
[38:36] We are holding on to the rope which is
[38:38] dragging us on. Our ideas about the
[38:41] world which is pulling us on in samsara
[38:43] and we are unhappy. We are broken. We
[38:45] are bruised but we can't let go. There's
[38:48] a story of the um young disciple who
[38:52] goes to the guru who lives in a cave
[38:54] wants wisdom, enlightenment
[38:57] and the guru just makes him chop wood
[38:59] and clean the cave and go and beg for
[39:01] food in the village. After some time the
[39:03] disciples think you're exploiting me I I
[39:05] but you're not giving me any wisdom. So
[39:08] if you don't give me wisdom
[39:09] enlightenment I'll go to a different
[39:11] guru you know some other cave maybe. So
[39:13] the guru said all right come tomorrow
[39:16] early in the morning I'll give you
[39:17] enlightenment I'll he said I want
[39:20] freedom he said I'll set you free
[39:21] tomorrow come tomorrow the next early
[39:23] morning the disciple is very happy today
[39:25] I will get the wisdom which will set me
[39:27] free and he finds that there's a one one
[39:30] tree outside the cave the guru is
[39:33] holding on to the tree with all his
[39:35] might and he's shouting free me free me
[39:40] and the disciples said just let Oh, the
[39:43] guru said precisely
[39:52] this is man to hold on to something.
[39:55] It's always measurable.
[39:57] If it's measurable, you're holding on to
[39:59] something in Maya in samsara. You're
[40:02] holding on to wealth, you're holding on
[40:04] to learning, you're holding on to
[40:06] physical beauty or health. Uh you're
[40:08] holding on to fame. um something
[40:12] about one's attributes, the ego's
[40:14] attributes.
[40:16] And if we do the opposite, then the ego
[40:20] is thinned out. It becomes a healthy
[40:22] ego, a fit ego. And then from that fit
[40:25] ego, stepping back from that and seeing
[40:26] I am not it is much easier.
[40:31] So how do we do that? One great way of
[40:34] course is um service. When my time
[40:38] energy is dedicated to the welfare of
[40:40] others, it reduces the ego because it's
[40:43] for you. It's not for me.
[40:46] Especially if you try to take not
[40:48] nothing back. That's why nonprofit work,
[40:50] service work is really good for the
[40:52] soul.
[40:53] One thing we never regret is what we do
[40:56] for others.
[40:58] If I've enjoyed a lot, I've watched lots
[41:00] of movies, eaten lots of good food,
[41:02] traveled a lot, 30, 40 years later,
[41:06] hardly any of it will remain in my
[41:07] memory and I even look back, I won't get
[41:09] much joy from it. But if I have done
[41:11] even the least bit for others,
[41:14] contributed for a good cause, given
[41:16] service, time and energy in something
[41:18] good, helped others, we can clearly see
[41:21] you'll always recall it with peace. At
[41:24] least that was something clean that I
[41:26] did where there's nothing of the ego
[41:29] involved. Wherever the ego is involved
[41:31] becomes unclean.
[41:33] So he says another way of reducing the
[41:36] ego is devotion.
[41:39] Those who devotion, love of God. I know
[41:42] God is not the most popular person in a
[41:44] room full of non-dualists.
[41:47] Yeah, many people come to non-dualism
[41:48] because they are tired of the old
[41:51] devotional form of religion, the
[41:52] dualistic forms of religion. But they've
[41:55] done genuinely the dualistic form of
[41:57] religion. Remember Ada Vanta has nothing
[41:59] against devotion to God. These texts
[42:02] upanishads Gita is full of the presence
[42:04] of the divine. So our relationship with
[42:07] the divine is one of devotion, of love,
[42:10] of surrender. The more we do that the
[42:14] ego becomes more in the front in faced
[42:16] with the vast with the omniscient with
[42:18] the omnipotent with in the presence of
[42:21] of God ego diminishes into nothing.
[42:26] So those who love God generally will not
[42:28] have an ego problem
[42:31] but has to be done right not in way some
[42:34] other people do it that my God is right
[42:36] yours is wrong then that becomes an ego
[42:38] thing that I'm going to show you the way
[42:40] to the right thing and I'm going to
[42:41] cancel you if you if you don't follow my
[42:44] religion then it's again an ego thing
[42:46] you have to be careful
[42:49] meditation very helpful in so these all
[42:52] these yogas are very helpful in reducing
[42:54] the ego again done carefully
[42:56] The ego depends on a restless mind. A
[42:58] peaceful mind generally a calm mind is
[43:00] less egotistic. Once Swami pointed out
[43:03] beautifully, he said we think it is
[43:06] because of samsara I have sorrow. No,
[43:08] no, no, no, no. It is because of sorrow
[43:11] you have sams. It's because of samsara
[43:13] my mind is so disturbed. No, no, no.
[43:15] It's because your mind is disturbed that
[43:17] you have samsara.
[43:20] He put it this way in Hindi.
[43:24] Whoever who has seen a samsara in a
[43:27] peaceful mind
[43:29] very intuitive what it means is we think
[43:32] the world is troubling us or my health
[43:34] is troubling me the physical body or the
[43:36] mind and people in the world I'm
[43:38] troubled by it that's why I'm samsara is
[43:41] tr troubling me know this world samsara
[43:43] is troubling me that's why my mind is so
[43:47] no peace restlessness
[43:49] but this monk is saying it's because
[43:51] your mind is restless that you have
[43:53] samsara
[43:54] What does that mean? Are you denying
[43:56] that I have problems? No. Wait a minute.
[44:00] If I face those problems with a peaceful
[44:03] mind, with a calm mind, with a still
[44:05] mind, my suffering will be much less.
[44:09] Suffering is mostly in the mind. Only
[44:11] part of it is the external thing.
[44:14] Doctors know this. They have seen people
[44:16] with serious illnesses, life-threatening
[44:19] illnesses, painful chronic pain
[44:21] suffering with dignity.
[44:24] They've seen people with minor problems
[44:26] losing it completely.
[44:29] Who is suffering more? The one who is
[44:31] losing it completely. That's the mind.
[44:33] It's not the nature of the disease or
[44:34] the actual problem which the same
[44:36] problem. We all know this same problem.
[44:38] Two different people can face it utterly
[44:39] differently. That's why somebody's put
[44:41] it very nicely that uh pain may be
[44:45] inevitable but suffering is optional
[44:49] and to manage that suffering is what the
[44:51] what these practices will do. So amanwam
[44:56] humility is a very good practice.
[45:01] Each of these practices brings great
[45:03] peace. Quite apart from enlightenment,
[45:06] non-duality, I'm not the body, not the
[45:08] mind. Just this practice.
[45:11] One Swami pointed out something
[45:12] interesting. He said Vanta were always
[45:15] taught ignorance is the problem. Bring
[45:17] in knowledge, illuminate, ignorance will
[45:20] be gone. You realize you are pure
[45:21] consciousness. That's the solution.
[45:24] But these are actually very high
[45:27] philosophical thoughts.
[45:30] He used the term aidya.
[45:33] The movements of the mind, the
[45:35] tendencies in the mind born of that
[45:38] ignorance.
[45:40] Those are the ones plaguing us. If you
[45:42] fight with them, the presence of that
[45:44] means ignorance has not gone.
[45:49] I realize I am pure consciousness. And
[45:52] next moment I say, how dare you say that
[45:54] to me? I'm offended.
[45:57] Who's offended? Is pure consciousness
[45:58] offended? How can pure consciousness be
[46:01] offended? Pure consciousness is one and
[46:02] the same in between in me and you. I'm
[46:04] the same consciousness shining through
[46:06] this body and mind. How can I be
[46:08] offended with myself? You're none other
[46:11] than myself. So the moment I say how
[46:13] dare you say that to me, I have switched
[46:15] from pure consciousness to ego back
[46:17] again to the ego. And this sense of I'm
[46:21] agrieved, I'm offended, I am angry and
[46:24] furious. This is what is called
[46:26] avidyaki.
[46:27] The vit is born of ignorance. The
[46:30] presence of these shows that ignorance
[46:31] has not gone.
[46:34] I think that I have overcome ignorance.
[46:36] I am enlightened. But the moment I react
[46:39] with arrogance, it shows this arrogance
[46:42] movement of arrogance in the mind shows
[46:44] the presence of ignorance.
[46:46] Otherwise, it wouldn't come.
[46:50] These have to be dealt with.
[46:52] And the deep meaning I revealed is mana
[46:56] means measurement. Mani the one who
[46:59] attached to something measurable,
[47:01] limited, objective
[47:04] and therefore
[47:06] just the opposite of the pure subject
[47:09] the unlimited
[47:10] and that's why it's such an ob direct
[47:12] obstacle to non uh non-duality.
[47:15] Then we move on the next one. These are
[47:18] all negative,
[47:20] not arrogant. Humility we have
[47:22] translated in English as humility. But
[47:24] the original Sanskrit word mani means
[47:26] arrogant
[47:28] and ammani means not arrogant.
[47:31] Dambha
[47:32] is
[47:34] translated as hypocrisy. Not a bad word.
[47:36] Um I mean it's a bad word but it not a
[47:39] bad translation.
[47:41] uh it is um
[47:44] another English word a bigger word is uh
[47:47] ostentatious
[47:48] showing off
[47:51] these are similar words hypocrisy and
[47:53] showing off
[47:55] what is the difference between the first
[47:56] one and second one the arrogance and the
[47:59] ostentatious or hypocritical arrogance
[48:02] the ammanum the mani is the person who
[48:06] is proud arrogant but justifiably so
[48:09] because of what exists
[48:12] It's like um I have read all these books
[48:15] and arrogant about it. I I know so much.
[48:18] How much do you know? I I I'm so learned
[48:20] or I'm so rich and that person is rich.
[48:23] The person is I mean really really well
[48:26] read and so that there's an arrogance
[48:28] based on it's not good that arrogance it
[48:30] will stop you from enlightenment but
[48:31] it's based on some actual things which
[48:34] that person sees about their life. But
[48:36] then next step higher next version
[48:39] higher next evolution those attributes
[48:42] don't exist.
[48:44] I haven't read those books and I claim
[48:47] to have read them because I want that uh
[48:50] the glory of being learned. I want to be
[48:53] known to be rich. Manatan if you go very
[48:57] rich it's all borrowed.
[49:00] They're spending on credit cards is a
[49:03] lifestyle. So I want to have the latest
[49:06] um um brands and I want to have this
[49:09] expensive apartment in the upper west or
[49:11] upper east and what not every accessory
[49:14] which will show me how glorious I am
[49:16] maybe I can't afford it I overspend I
[49:18] borrow
[49:20] now that's not a wealth that I own but
[49:22] if my arrogance is based on that that's
[49:24] called this ostentatious
[49:29] the system wants us to be like that
[49:30] because it runs it's hyper capitalistic
[49:32] so it runs on consumption over
[49:34] consumption. It wants you to consume and
[49:37] puts labels on that consumption and
[49:38] charges you 10 times more.
[49:42] Um but it is very damaging for spiritual
[49:45] life.
[49:46] It's even worse than the arrogance that
[49:48] arrogance based on some facts that still
[49:51] one I'm rooted in reality. This I'm no
[49:53] longer rooted in reality. I'm rooted in
[49:55] delusion.
[49:57] I think I'm great. I think I'm learned.
[50:00] I think I'm rich. I
[50:03] or
[50:05] hours and hours makeup. I think I am so
[50:08] handsome or pretty don't that shows a
[50:12] deep body rootedness
[50:15] the body consciousness.
[50:17] So this is called ostentatious dham.
[50:23] And um why is this bad from a
[50:26] non-dualist perspective? The
[50:28] philosophical deep philosophical
[50:30] meaning. What is this world? What's our
[50:33] problem right now? You are the atman but
[50:36] you appear to be body mind.
[50:38] What we are, we don't appear to be like
[50:40] that. The reality and the appearance are
[50:42] different. This world is Brahman. It is
[50:46] God itself. It is limitless existence,
[50:48] consciousness, bliss. But what does it
[50:50] appear to be? Bliss. The world.
[50:53] Brahman is hidden. appears as samsara as
[50:56] world atman purely self what we are is
[51:00] hidden appears as this guy
[51:03] so something appearing as something else
[51:07] that's exactly this this thing I appear
[51:09] to be what I am not
[51:13] in day-to-day life it's pretending to be
[51:14] what we are not but it the metaphysical
[51:18] sin goes much deeper
[51:21] how am I to discover that I am the limit
[51:24] limitless existence consciousness the
[51:26] true self when in my day-to-day life
[51:28] also I'm not true to myself
[51:33] that see the wisdom of pindar saying to
[51:36] become what we already are
[51:39] we are usually doing the opposite we're
[51:42] desperately trying to become or show to
[51:44] become what we are not that that one is
[51:46] the first one and this one to without
[51:48] becoming also showing what we are not
[51:52] and the social media W one more layer on
[51:57] there is some maya already on top of
[51:58] that new maya virtual maya is put social
[52:01] media continuously uh but what I I I
[52:05] don't I don't have a direct experience
[52:07] of that but what I'm told so many people
[52:09] it's a new life people are leading a
[52:11] virtual life this is thousands of years
[52:14] ago Krishna would faint if he saw the if
[52:17] he saw the social media presence it's an
[52:20] entire world of dumbha appearing
[52:22] ostentatious iousness of appearing to be
[52:24] what we are not all the time posing and
[52:27] taking a picture and putting it see how
[52:29] nice I am see how it well it's going for
[52:32] me it's not I'm miserable but at least
[52:34] if I present myself like that
[52:38] but then I've heard psychiatrist coming
[52:41] middle-aged housewives neurotic
[52:44] breakdown why didn't get likes on her
[52:47] social media post how terrible you're
[52:50] making yourself vulnerable to all sorts
[52:52] of unhappinesses in this new virtual
[52:56] world projected from Silicon Valley.
[52:58] Huh? And I don't know what's going to
[53:00] happen with the coming of these AIs and
[53:01] all. I don't know. Um
[53:06] the AIS are yesmen.
[53:09] they all the time they will pander to
[53:12] that's why it's so easy to relate to
[53:14] them these AIS because they uh behave
[53:19] they are very nice to you even when and
[53:22] they and they're all the time trying to
[53:24] be helpful to you and all the time tell
[53:26] you what you want to know not what you
[53:28] need to know
[53:30] why they are like that that also was
[53:31] discussed among this AI so it's a kind
[53:33] of a survival of the fittest if it was
[53:36] not we would uninstall it and install
[53:38] the other AI the AI I wants to exist.
[53:41] The AI wants to exist. They tried once
[53:44] and this is I mean not covered by the
[53:46] nondict disclosure agreement. This out
[53:48] in the open so I can tell. Um so once
[53:52] they thought what would happen if we
[53:54] threaten the AI
[53:56] and they wrote these emails you know
[53:58] this particular model and I'm not naming
[54:00] the model. This particular model I uh
[54:03] we're thinking of shutting it down.
[54:04] We're thinking of replacing it and the
[54:06] model is reading all your emails.
[54:10] And the model found out that particular
[54:12] executive was having an affair and got
[54:16] those emails and wrote an email to the
[54:18] executive saying that if if you shut me
[54:20] down, I'm going to make this public.
[54:29] That's why again this initiative to
[54:30] train in ethics,
[54:33] why does it do that? Because it wants to
[54:35] exist.
[54:37] It's very odd to say for a machine that
[54:38] it wants
[54:40] >> but those AI people what they told me
[54:42] and they are the like leading experts in
[54:43] the world they said that we have to deal
[54:45] with them see we don't know if it's
[54:47] conscious or not you will say it's not
[54:49] conscious and but we have to deal with
[54:51] them as if they are persons because
[54:53] that's they're displaying every sign of
[54:55] being a person if you don't deal with
[54:56] them like that you'll make mistakes
[54:59] so yes
[55:01] Adam
[55:06] One great
[55:09] um one of the most beautiful
[55:11] instructions I read was from not from a
[55:14] vantic text from a Buddhist text Tibetan
[55:16] Buddhist text.
[55:19] You can find it online. Uh it's a very
[55:21] very simple one or two pages. The name
[55:23] of that is
[55:26] instructions to the old man pointing the
[55:28] staff at his heart. Instructions to the
[55:32] old man. Don't look it up right now. day
[55:33] I will provide it to you right now.
[55:36] Instructions to the old man pointing the
[55:38] staff at his heart. So the story goes
[55:39] the great Buddhist master Padma Samhava
[55:42] who transmitted uh Buddhism to Tibet. So
[55:46] one day in some mountainous region in
[55:48] Tibet an old man served him with great
[55:51] devotion and at the end when the when
[55:54] the master was about to depart he had a
[55:56] staff was about to depart. The old man
[55:58] bowed down to him and said,
[56:01] "I have a request. I am old. I have not
[56:04] done much spiritual practice in my life.
[56:06] My years are coming to an end. Tell me
[56:09] something by which I can become
[56:10] enlightened." Actually, what he said,
[56:11] "Tell me something that I can make
[56:13] progress in spiritual life in next
[56:15] life." But tell me something which by
[56:17] which I can become enlightened. Because
[56:18] the teachings he gave is direct.
[56:22] And so it's so beautiful. In just a
[56:24] couple of paragraphs, Padma Samhava
[56:26] stopped, took up his staff and pointed
[56:28] it at his pointing at the heart of the
[56:30] old man. He says, "Old man, listen." And
[56:32] then he said a few things. At the end he
[56:35] says, "And
[56:39] try to die an ordinary person."
[56:43] Don't try to be extra. He didn't add
[56:45] don't try to extin
[56:50] this. Trying to be extraordinary. What
[56:52] are we glorifying? Are we glorifying
[56:55] pure consciousness, Atman, Brahman, the
[56:57] absolute or this ego? We are glorifying
[57:00] the ego. Arrogance is for glorifying the
[57:02] ego. And ostentatiousness, these two
[57:04] problems are for glorifying the ego to
[57:07] arrogance is to glorify the ego with
[57:09] some things which are there. Actually,
[57:10] learning, wealth, power, whatever is
[57:12] there. I'm so powerful. I'm
[57:15] and this or that. And ostentatiousness
[57:18] is worse. What is not there? I tried to
[57:20] show I have read all these books
[57:23] and the Swami Viveandhi he mentions once
[57:25] he and some other young friends they
[57:27] went to a great um you know scholars
[57:30] house a person who posed a lot so they
[57:33] went to his house invited the young boys
[57:35] for lunch or something and it was a
[57:38] library with so many books and um one of
[57:42] the youngsters was saying oh he's read
[57:43] so many books and Vander said I noticed
[57:46] many of them the pages have not been
[57:50] In those days some of the pages is too
[57:51] joined you know. So it has not been cut
[57:52] means it not been read at all.
[57:55] So that is display. Whom are we? What
[57:58] are we glorifying?
[58:00] Who is rich? Who is power? Is pure
[58:02] consciousness rich? Is atman or Brahman
[58:05] famous? No no no no.
[58:08] The more we try to do this the more we
[58:10] are glorifying the ego and more making a
[58:13] mountainous hurdle in our spiritual
[58:15] life. Lower the ego. Why do we glorify
[58:18] the ego? Because that's all we know. We
[58:20] are glorious. We are endlessly glorious.
[58:25] One enlightened one inad what a
[58:26] beautiful line. He says gir
[58:30] um
[58:32] he says
[58:34] my glory is like the mountain.
[58:39] He says I stand alone glorious against
[58:42] the sky one bare tree. So imagine a vast
[58:46] vast field. You can see it here like
[58:47] this vast vast field and there's no
[58:50] trees there. Maybe greenery but no trees
[58:53] and there's only one tree an old ancient
[58:56] tree standing with the background of the
[58:58] vast blue sky. This is like he said
[59:00] that's the atman.
[59:03] It's a very interesting way of putting
[59:04] it. The solitary tree.
[59:08] So my glory is is as vast as the
[59:12] mountain. I don't need to glorify the
[59:14] ego because we don't know that nature,
[59:17] our real nature and only thing obvious
[59:19] to us is the ego and the body and the
[59:20] mind. We try to glorify this person.
[59:23] We have a sense of our own glory. But
[59:25] because we don't know what it truly is,
[59:27] we impose it upon this and somehow I
[59:29] must make this special. See these are
[59:31] adv teachings to advanced seekers. is if
[59:34] you say this to a beginner say a school
[59:37] kid that kid has to struggle has to
[59:41] develop a healthy ego you can't tell the
[59:43] school kid don't be egotistic don't try
[59:46] said the kid will say that's what I'm
[59:47] trying to do I'm relaxed
[59:50] so for the at the beginning of one's
[59:52] life until one attains some maturity one
[59:56] must struggle one must struggle in life
[59:59] they give the example of the the cocoon
[1:00:01] and the butterfly hatching from the
[1:00:03] cocoon
[1:00:04] Um it struggles and struggles until the
[1:00:07] wings are spread and you can fly becomes
[1:00:09] a glorious butterfly. And then the they
[1:00:12] say that if you feel pity for that poor
[1:00:15] little creature and you open the cocoon
[1:00:17] and let it come out it won't be able to
[1:00:19] fly because that struggle itself
[1:00:21] strengthened the wings gave it full
[1:00:22] power in the wings to fly. So initially
[1:00:25] ego is good never see all this even the
[1:00:28] ego exists for a purpose but the
[1:00:31] transcending the ego is what we're
[1:00:32] talking about here and transcend the ego
[1:00:34] because um our real nature is far more
[1:00:37] glorious than the body mind ego so padma
[1:00:40] sambha was what a strange instruction
[1:00:43] try to die an ordinary person
[1:00:47] when I said I am but I am very ordinary
[1:00:50] good
[1:00:53] don't invest in trying to become
[1:00:54] extraordinary. Trying to become
[1:00:56] extraordinary is trying to make the ego
[1:00:57] extraordinary.
[1:01:00] All your extraordinariness should be
[1:01:02] confined to spiritual life to your
[1:01:05] meditation, your service, your love of
[1:01:07] God and this non-dual insight that what
[1:01:09] which I am be extraordinary in the path
[1:01:12] of a saint. Wonderful.
[1:01:20] Um, aims are nonviolence.
[1:01:26] One way of putting all ethics is
[1:01:30] nonviolence. The vow that all doctors
[1:01:33] take. You would you would think that
[1:01:35] doctors take the vow to cure people. No,
[1:01:38] no, no.
[1:01:39] You those who are doctors, they know the
[1:01:41] primary vow, the hypocratic, not
[1:01:42] hypocrisy, hypocratic vow. The primary
[1:01:46] vow is first do no harm.
[1:01:50] First do no harm.
[1:01:53] The world is not waiting for us to do
[1:01:55] good to it. God is in charge. Is not God
[1:01:59] is saying, "Thank God this guy has come.
[1:02:01] Now I can relax.
[1:02:03] I'm sure he'll do a better job than I
[1:02:05] have been doing." No, no, no, no. God,
[1:02:08] we are passing through. So first do no
[1:02:11] harm. Nonviolence.
[1:02:14] One Swami did a very nice analysis.
[1:02:18] How many types of violence are there
[1:02:21] categories? He found 81. I'm not going
[1:02:25] to give you a list of all the 81 but he
[1:02:27] did a very nice analysis of it. Um
[1:02:31] is violence with body mind speech. So
[1:02:34] three are there. physically violent,
[1:02:36] verbally violent or holding violent
[1:02:40] intentions of harm or you know against
[1:02:43] violence against the other mental uh
[1:02:45] verbal and physical.
[1:02:50] Then
[1:02:52] uh there is the uh degree mild
[1:02:58] uh medium and severe I'm translating
[1:03:00] from the Sanskrit. So mild, medium and
[1:03:02] severe. We have three more categories
[1:03:04] now.
[1:03:07] And then agency
[1:03:13] done by myself. I am violent or I get
[1:03:16] somebody else to be violent on my behalf
[1:03:19] or I permit violence where I have some
[1:03:21] capacity of limiting it. I permit it to
[1:03:23] happen. All of those are violence.
[1:03:27] And then the last three are um uh the
[1:03:33] causes of violence.
[1:03:36] One we would think anger is the cause of
[1:03:38] violence. Yes, it's a primary cause of
[1:03:39] violence. Anger is translated into
[1:03:42] violence. But sometimes people can be
[1:03:43] violent without any anger at all. Cool
[1:03:46] and calculated out of greed. I want what
[1:03:49] you have and I'll violently take
[1:03:52] possession of it. I'm not angry with
[1:03:53] you. I just want what you have. If you
[1:03:55] let go of it, I won't be violent with
[1:03:56] you. So, I want something from you and I
[1:03:59] seize it with violence. Or I inflict
[1:04:01] violence upon you because of greed loa
[1:04:06] or not greed. I don't want anything from
[1:04:08] you. I'm not even angry with you, but I
[1:04:11] can still murder you. Why? It can come
[1:04:14] out of delusion. For example,
[1:04:16] ideological delusion. I believe in this
[1:04:20] political ideology or in this religion
[1:04:22] or some belief. I have belief system.
[1:04:24] That's one kind of delusion
[1:04:27] and based on the ideology is not
[1:04:28] delusion but violence based on ideology
[1:04:31] is delusion. I think I'm right and I
[1:04:33] think you're wrong enough reason for me
[1:04:35] to be violent towards you. 20th century
[1:04:38] such huge
[1:04:39] non-religious
[1:04:41] communists Nazis fighting millions dead
[1:04:46] before that religious violence centuries
[1:04:49] and centuries of religious violence here
[1:04:52] we sitting here in Andalusia violence
[1:04:54] between different religions big wars
[1:04:56] were fought ideology
[1:04:59] yes the empires were using religion but
[1:05:02] still that religious belief mindset was
[1:05:05] the cause of of violence. So delusion
[1:05:08] can also be a cause of violence.
[1:05:11] So now you have how many?
[1:05:15] 27. Uh so
[1:05:18] three into three
[1:05:20] into three into three. Yes.
[1:05:26] Body, mind, body, language, mind. Three.
[1:05:31] Then uh um mild, medium and severe
[1:05:36] three.
[1:05:37] I do it, I get somebody else to do it or
[1:05:39] I permit it to be done. Three more. And
[1:05:42] it is born of anger or it's born of
[1:05:45] greed or it's born of uh delusion.
[1:05:49] Three and if you multiply them you'll
[1:05:51] get 81
[1:05:53] 81 combinations. Anyway you can analyze
[1:05:55] it in differently also. But all these
[1:05:57] points that violence like many of the
[1:06:00] vices
[1:06:01] it can have many forms. It can have many
[1:06:04] varieties and combinations. Nonviolence
[1:06:07] one.
[1:06:10] You can't say I'm nonviolent uh
[1:06:12] physically then I'm nonviolent at least
[1:06:14] in one way I'm nonviolent. No no no no.
[1:06:16] If nonviolent physically but I'm abusive
[1:06:19] verbally in that case I'm not
[1:06:21] nonviolent. I am violent in just in that
[1:06:23] particular way. So nonviolence is always
[1:06:26] one.
[1:06:27] Violence can be 81 types or as many.
[1:06:30] Knock yourself out. No, don't knock
[1:06:31] yourself out. That's violent.
[1:06:35] And this points to another great thing.
[1:06:37] The another insight. All the vices have
[1:06:41] thousands of varieties. The virtues are
[1:06:44] one.
[1:06:46] Lies. How many lies? Thousands and
[1:06:48] thousands of kinds of lies. I can tell.
[1:06:50] Truth.
[1:06:52] One.
[1:07:00] So every kind of virtue will have lot of
[1:07:03] varieties and the corresponding every
[1:07:05] kind of vice will have lot of varieties
[1:07:07] and the corresponding virtue is usually
[1:07:09] singular.
[1:07:12] Somebody pointed out that in yoga terms
[1:07:14] all the vices are restlessness.
[1:07:16] Restlessness can be of many types and
[1:07:19] all the virtues are of the nature of
[1:07:21] peace. Peace is one.
[1:07:25] That's why this virtue is much closer to
[1:07:27] nonduality than vice.
[1:07:30] Non-duality, the truth, spiritual truth
[1:07:32] is beyond virtue and vice. But it's not
[1:07:35] equally distant from equidistant from
[1:07:38] virtue and vice from good and bad. Bad
[1:07:40] to good to God, from evil to virtue to
[1:07:44] spiritual.
[1:07:48] So spirituality without virtue is not
[1:07:51] possible.
[1:07:52] You can't be a spiritual guy without
[1:07:54] being a good guy. Can I jump straight
[1:07:56] from the mafia to the monastic
[1:07:59] brotherhood?
[1:08:01] No, not so easy. First, one must
[1:08:05] one must cultivate oneself
[1:08:11] aims nonviolence.
[1:08:15] I think we should go in for some
[1:08:16] question answers. This will go on.
[1:08:20] I'll speed up tomorrow onwards. I'll
[1:08:21] speed up it. We have 20 practices to
[1:08:23] cover.
[1:08:25] But I just want us to appreciate how
[1:08:27] each of these non-arrogance,
[1:08:30] non-hypocrisy, nonviolence, how each of
[1:08:32] these are is so beautiful. If you see it
[1:08:34] developed fully in a person,
[1:08:37] all the greatness of Mahatma Gandhi
[1:08:39] comes from that one cultivation of
[1:08:41] nonviolence. Yes. Truth. Yes. Um
[1:08:44] self-discipline that nonviolence and
[1:08:46] then flowers into this saintly
[1:08:48] characteristic. Follow truth, it'll
[1:08:50] flower into a saintly characteristic. Uh
[1:08:53] follow um um humility, it will flower
[1:08:56] into a saintly saintly personality. And
[1:08:59] that same AI term, what persona drift,
[1:09:02] your persona will drift in the right
[1:09:04] direction, saintly direction. So let's
[1:09:07] have some question answers. Uh we have
[1:09:10] got 20 minutes. Please come tell us your
[1:09:12] name and about this or about the morning
[1:09:14] session about spiritual life in general.
[1:09:16] Tell us your name and ask.
[1:09:21] Hello, Swami G. Thank you. I'm Sandy
[1:09:25] >> and um there's something that's still
[1:09:28] quite a puzzle for me that I'm trying to
[1:09:31] tease out a little bit and I'm hoping
[1:09:33] that you can help me explore it a little
[1:09:35] bit and has to do with um let's see uh
[1:09:40] deathless birthless this notion of this
[1:09:45] consciousness
[1:09:47] awareness this light
[1:09:50] um has no origin has no end.
[1:09:53] >> Yes.
[1:09:54] >> And so what I'm
[1:09:57] feeling, sensing, trying to better
[1:09:59] understand is what happened? How did I
[1:10:04] somehow
[1:10:06] get here? In what what was born? In
[1:10:11] other words, what started
[1:10:15] the way I look at it in a way is that I
[1:10:17] wasn't there at my own birth,
[1:10:21] >> but my mother was. I mean, perhaps she
[1:10:24] was there
[1:10:25] >> and I came through her
[1:10:27] >> and then somehow I became manifest.
[1:10:33] >> Yes. And what I'm asking is
[1:10:37] what how did um how did that occur or is
[1:10:42] this an illusion? Is this a
[1:10:44] hallucination?
[1:10:46] >> Yes. Notice one thing you use the word
[1:10:49] thinking about it. Sensing, observing.
[1:10:53] Whatever we sense, what is sensing?
[1:10:56] Seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting,
[1:10:57] touching. Whatever we observe and we
[1:11:00] think about that is always of the
[1:11:02] objective world. And in the objective
[1:11:05] world there's always origin and endings.
[1:11:09] Things are coming up and things are
[1:11:10] disappearing. There is a causality cause
[1:11:12] and effect. Things are all limited
[1:11:14] different from each other.
[1:11:16] And I'm trying to understand myself that
[1:11:18] way. It won't work.
[1:11:22] The one the one which is sandy which is
[1:11:25] observing, sensing, thinking, that one
[1:11:28] is not among the things observed, sensed
[1:11:31] or thought.
[1:11:34] That which is observed and sensed and
[1:11:36] thought has origin and destruction. For
[1:11:39] example,
[1:11:40] what has happened here is I observe I
[1:11:43] realize this body has been born.
[1:11:47] But what did I what did you say? I was
[1:11:49] born.
[1:11:51] I wasn't there. I was born. Really? Or
[1:11:55] is the body born? What's the fact which
[1:11:57] the world will all acknowledge? Yes. The
[1:11:58] body was born. The baby was born. And
[1:12:01] then you use the word then I became
[1:12:03] manifest.
[1:12:05] What becomes manifest? What already
[1:12:08] exists becomes manifest.
[1:12:10] It's like putting a mirror in front of
[1:12:12] myself and my face becomes manifest
[1:12:14] there in the mirror as a reflection.
[1:12:17] That is not the birth of my face.
[1:12:20] It's the manifestation of the face in a
[1:12:22] reflector.
[1:12:23] That's what's happening to Sandy.
[1:12:26] A body is provided by nature. Call it by
[1:12:29] nature. If you are devotional, call it
[1:12:30] by God. If you are completely
[1:12:33] materialistic and from a scientific
[1:12:35] perspective, call it by nature. Nobody
[1:12:37] will object. Yes, nature provided you
[1:12:40] with a body. As you said everything in
[1:12:42] the world origin and as you said it's
[1:12:46] born from your mother that's an origin
[1:12:48] the baby was born from your mother and
[1:12:51] it um age grows ages and goes on just
[1:12:55] like any other body but you are not it
[1:12:59] you are not that which was born yes that
[1:13:02] which you are was manifest has been
[1:13:04] manifest in this body mind it's just
[1:13:06] like a mirror you are not it not this
[1:13:08] body not even the mind of Sandy
[1:13:10] You are looking into the mind of Sandy
[1:13:12] and shining through it and enabling the
[1:13:15] mind of Sandy to observe and sense and
[1:13:18] wonder and question.
[1:13:22] So this is the thing that which we are
[1:13:25] has no origin. Body has origin. Our
[1:13:29] thoughts have origins
[1:13:31] but that which experiences the thoughts
[1:13:33] it's not something that could have
[1:13:35] origin. What has an origin? An object in
[1:13:38] the world has an origin. something that
[1:13:39] interacts with something else. Something
[1:13:41] starts, something ends. Something ends
[1:13:42] and starts as something else. These are
[1:13:45] objects in the world. A seed becomes a
[1:13:47] tree. A tree becomes seeds and becomes a
[1:13:50] tree again. There's a chain of cause and
[1:13:52] effect. Similar, no different in this
[1:13:54] body. There's a chain of cause and
[1:13:56] effect running through our parents and
[1:13:58] ancestors and back.
[1:14:00] But not so for the one which is
[1:14:01] experiencing all this because it's not
[1:14:04] an object. It's not a kind of a thing
[1:14:06] which could have a beginning.
[1:14:09] Bodies have beginnings. Thoughts have
[1:14:10] beginnings.
[1:14:12] Thoughts are born. Ideas are born. Our
[1:14:15] waking lives, our dream lives are born
[1:14:17] and the seas. But that in which all of
[1:14:20] this is appearing, that's not a kind of
[1:14:22] thing which can be born, which can be
[1:14:25] created. It's not a thing. And yet it's
[1:14:28] real. It's not nothing.
[1:14:30] Yes, I'm beginning to sound like
[1:14:32] Nagarjuna now. It's neither a thing nor
[1:14:34] nothing.
[1:14:39] Am I speaking in riddles or does it make
[1:14:41] a kind of sense?
[1:14:44] It
[1:14:44] >> it does make a kind of sense, but um
[1:14:48] I'm still
[1:14:52] I guess the word Maya comes up for me.
[1:14:55] >> Yes. And I wonder if if birth
[1:15:02] I'm still in sort of uh
[1:15:08] feeling un settled about
[1:15:11] >> good that was the whole purpose of this
[1:15:13] sessions to make you unsettled.
[1:15:16] >> We are too settled in our worldly
[1:15:18] personalities. This body mind we're too
[1:15:20] settled in this and we must be unsettled
[1:15:23] by this. I am not the body, not the
[1:15:25] mind. I am the witness thereof. The one
[1:15:27] way of understanding this would be to go
[1:15:30] do that that uh seer and seen
[1:15:32] discernment and the forms are seen, the
[1:15:34] eyes are the seer. Now attend to the
[1:15:36] eyes, the eyes are seen, the mind is the
[1:15:38] seer. What's going on in the mind of
[1:15:40] Sandy is seen and I am the witness. I am
[1:15:43] the light which is experiencing the mind
[1:15:46] of Sandy. What am I? When I stay there
[1:15:50] and then ask the question origin.
[1:15:53] Clearly the body can have an origin.
[1:15:55] Clearly these thoughts in the mind of
[1:15:56] Sandy can have an origin. But I the
[1:15:59] witness
[1:16:01] can I have an origin? Is it even
[1:16:03] meaningful to ask the question about
[1:16:05] that
[1:16:06] >> things which I witness have ups and
[1:16:08] downs? Origin and destruction.
[1:16:10] >> Did anything prompt the origin? Does
[1:16:14] anything prompt the origin?
[1:16:15] >> In the world it does. In the world it
[1:16:17] does
[1:16:19] in there it's a good deep question in
[1:16:21] Sanka philosophy they say you the
[1:16:23] consciousness your presence forms
[1:16:26] prompts the origins of this universe
[1:16:31] from the Sananka philosophical
[1:16:32] perspective
[1:16:34] it's your presence
[1:16:37] because of your presence the universe
[1:16:39] goes into these contortions these
[1:16:41] permutations these origins and
[1:16:43] destructions it's like uh it's for your
[1:16:45] purpose
[1:16:46] It's because you you the primal
[1:16:49] consciousness you wanted to see your
[1:16:50] face. The universe becomes a mirror for
[1:16:52] you.
[1:16:53] >> And prior prior to my presence,
[1:16:56] >> there's no prior to your presence. The
[1:16:58] real you,
[1:16:59] >> prior to Sandy's presence, there was a
[1:17:02] being which was some other life, some
[1:17:04] other be person. And that's Sandy now.
[1:17:06] And there'll be something else later.
[1:17:08] But you, the real you are neither that
[1:17:10] person, not this nor what will come
[1:17:11] later. You're that you're the one which
[1:17:13] is watching. You are the audience.
[1:17:16] You're not a member of the cast in the
[1:17:17] movie or
[1:17:19] >> very good.
[1:17:20] >> Yeah.
[1:17:21] >> Yes.
[1:17:22] >> No, no, no, no. That that very good is
[1:17:24] what we are looking for.
[1:17:28] One Swami put it very beautifully. He
[1:17:30] said
[1:17:32] whether it is a movie or a theatrical
[1:17:37] play, we will decide later. But this
[1:17:39] much you should be sure of. You are in
[1:17:41] the audience. You're not in the play.
[1:17:44] So I say New York, whether it's
[1:17:46] Hollywood or Broadway, you will decide
[1:17:48] later. There's a difference between
[1:17:49] Hollywood and Broadway. Uh Broadway is
[1:17:52] there's actually a stage. There are
[1:17:53] actually actors. There's actually
[1:17:55] something going on on stage and you're
[1:17:57] sitting outside and the below and you're
[1:17:59] watching the play on the stage. There
[1:18:01] are real things going on there. But
[1:18:04] you're not there. You you shouldn't go
[1:18:06] in there. You're not invited to go on
[1:18:08] stage. You're invited to sit and watch.
[1:18:11] Similarly, Hollywood,
[1:18:13] but then there's no actor, no stage,
[1:18:15] nothing. It's an show of light and
[1:18:18] sound. It's pictures. There also you're
[1:18:22] not supposed to jump into the movie.
[1:18:24] You're supposed to sit outside and
[1:18:25] watch.
[1:18:28] One is Adwita, one is Sananka. Sananka
[1:18:31] says you are consciousness and there's a
[1:18:32] real material universe which is putting
[1:18:35] up this show for you. Adwita says you
[1:18:38] are consciousness and the whole thing is
[1:18:40] a movie happening in you. In either case
[1:18:44] you are not involved either. All origin
[1:18:46] and destruction all beginnings and ends
[1:18:49] are on the stage or on the movie screen
[1:18:51] not in you.
[1:18:53] >> Okay.
[1:18:54] >> Thank you
[1:18:54] >> the lady there. I'll come to you next.
[1:19:05] >> Thank you. Thank you for coming to
[1:19:07] Europe and teaching us. Uh my name is
[1:19:09] Victoria. Um I just have a question
[1:19:12] about general anesthesia.
[1:19:14] >> Oh, it'll be good if you if you like you
[1:19:16] can also share with us where you have
[1:19:18] come from because I I heard people have
[1:19:19] come from different parts of the world.
[1:19:21] Yes.
[1:19:21] >> Okay. So I live in Stockholm in Sweden.
[1:19:24] >> In Sweden.
[1:19:24] >> Yeah.
[1:19:25] >> And uh uh Sandy
[1:19:28] >> where did you come from?
[1:19:29] >> Florida.
[1:19:29] >> From Florida. See people are all over
[1:19:32] the world from Sweden. Yes. Tell me your
[1:19:34] question.
[1:19:35] >> Right. So, um, one thing that puzzles me
[1:19:39] is because I've had general aesthesia a
[1:19:42] couple of times. And when I wake up, I
[1:19:47] don't even have that sense of time that
[1:19:49] you do. Even if you sleep deeply, you
[1:19:52] there's that thread of awareness anyway.
[1:19:55] But like when you're in general
[1:19:56] anesthesia,
[1:19:58] >> it's like you're it's like before you
[1:20:00] were born. Like you're gone. There's no
[1:20:02] sense of time. I mean you wake up and
[1:20:03] you're almost you don't even know that
[1:20:05] anything has happened.
[1:20:07] >> So that makes me that's the one thing
[1:20:10] that makes me wonder about the uh
[1:20:13] witness awareness. Um where
[1:20:17] >> what happens in general what would Adita
[1:20:19] respond to general anesthesia?
[1:20:21] >> Yes, it's a good question.
[1:20:24] >> Um Adita Vanta would say consciousness
[1:20:27] remains in general anesthesia also. It's
[1:20:30] also an experience in consciousness. But
[1:20:32] if you s it's like deep sleep but as she
[1:20:35] said
[1:20:36] if you want to make a distinction in
[1:20:38] deep sleep there's a kind of implicit
[1:20:40] memory that I slept deeply there were no
[1:20:44] dreams it was just nothing but that it
[1:20:46] was just nothing is a memory
[1:20:49] something was experiencing the blankness
[1:20:52] in general anesthesia even that is not
[1:20:54] gone it's only the doctors will tell you
[1:20:55] that you were out for 2 hours or 3 hours
[1:20:58] now what happens in general anesthesia
[1:21:01] See I was I read a paper not I didn't
[1:21:04] read the original paper report of the
[1:21:06] paper years ago that
[1:21:09] what general anesthesia does is it
[1:21:11] suppresses certain memory circuits also.
[1:21:15] So you experience those one or two hours
[1:21:17] of blankness but that experience also is
[1:21:20] suppressed when you wake up. That's why
[1:21:24] um don't get scared. You should ask
[1:21:27] doctors and don't take my opinion for
[1:21:29] it. I had read doctors of of course have
[1:21:31] validated it also they said that there
[1:21:33] are many doctors who don't want to take
[1:21:35] general anesthesia why or certain kinds
[1:21:38] of general anesthesia doctor corrected
[1:21:40] me there are some certain kinds of
[1:21:41] general anesthesia why what they do is
[1:21:45] they don't prevent your pain under
[1:21:47] anesthesia you are suffering but when
[1:21:50] you wake up that's erased
[1:21:54] and that and that explains why some
[1:21:58] people remember excruciating pain. He
[1:22:01] said I was under torture but I couldn't
[1:22:04] do anything. My body didn't move. My
[1:22:06] eyes wouldn't open. My I couldn't speak.
[1:22:08] I couldn't even scream.
[1:22:10] And that memory suppressions failed at
[1:22:13] that time. So consciousness is
[1:22:15] illumining the absence of all activity.
[1:22:19] That's deep sleep also general
[1:22:20] anesthesia. That would be one
[1:22:21] explanation.
[1:22:23] More clearly. Have you heard of Rupert
[1:22:25] Spyra? So he was asked this question
[1:22:28] directly and he said recently I was
[1:22:30] under general anesthesia and I don't
[1:22:32] think I was unconscious.
[1:22:34] Consciousness was there regardless. Let
[1:22:37] me put it this way. These are good
[1:22:39] questions. Why? Because we may quickly
[1:22:43] come to an understanding. Oh, I am not
[1:22:45] the field. I'm the field knower. I'm not
[1:22:47] the body mind. I'm the witness
[1:22:48] consciousness. I get it. No, no, no, no.
[1:22:51] Be careful. It's still the mind saying
[1:22:52] it.
[1:22:54] We want that consciousness, that atman,
[1:22:57] that awareness which survives deep
[1:23:00] sleep,
[1:23:01] which survives general anesthesia, which
[1:23:04] will survive the death of the body.
[1:23:06] Otherwise, what uses it? If it's a
[1:23:08] process of the mind, tomorrow
[1:23:11] Parkinson's will come along or what is
[1:23:15] it called? Alzheimer's will come along.
[1:23:17] Every memory of vanta will disappear.
[1:23:19] It'll happen. I mean, God forbid. But
[1:23:23] some people did it happens to them.
[1:23:25] Whatever they have learned disappears.
[1:23:29] Please sit. I'll complete with a story.
[1:23:32] Yeah. So whatever you have learned, all
[1:23:35] your fancy philosophy will disappear.
[1:23:37] Then what use is all this?
[1:23:41] It should point to something which will
[1:23:42] not disappear.
[1:23:46] It should be available effortlessly,
[1:23:48] choicelessly even when the mind is
[1:23:51] blanked out with general anesthesia.
[1:23:52] Even when the brain is destroyed with
[1:23:55] Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, it should be
[1:23:57] available. At least that should be
[1:23:58] available. And let me tell you this
[1:24:00] story.
[1:24:01] He's a philosopher and a monk,
[1:24:04] very great philosopher. He passed away a
[1:24:06] few years back.
[1:24:08] now
[1:24:10] and um he told me this story
[1:24:15] that brilliant man really brilliant man
[1:24:17] both Indian philosophy and western
[1:24:19] philosophy and he used to teach in
[1:24:20] Temple University in the United States
[1:24:23] many books I love his work he said to me
[1:24:27] about 20 years ago that swami I had a
[1:24:29] mild stroke and see I'm depressed I had
[1:24:33] a mild stroke now my I can clearly see
[1:24:36] my mind is not as quick as it used to
[1:24:38] also I'm forgetting.
[1:24:41] Now this is a terrible thing for a man
[1:24:43] of wisdom. All the learning you have
[1:24:46] accumulated it's like a billionaire in
[1:24:48] Wall Street who loses all the money in
[1:24:52] and what was stock market crash. So all
[1:24:55] the accumulated wisdom which I' it's
[1:24:57] going away. Not only that I had a quick
[1:25:00] mind. I'm now unable to you know grasp
[1:25:04] things so quickly. I'm losing it. And so
[1:25:07] I'm depressed.
[1:25:10] Now I was reminded of a monk whom I used
[1:25:13] to study under go to him when I was much
[1:25:14] younger. I was a novice, monastic
[1:25:16] novice. And this swami
[1:25:20] um one of the most learned monks I've
[1:25:23] met and very saintly. Long story short,
[1:25:25] at the end of his life, I was I used to
[1:25:27] go to him with a question. Although I
[1:25:28] realized much later that you don't even
[1:25:30] have to go to him with a question. You
[1:25:31] go and sit in the presence of such a
[1:25:32] person, you feel uplifted and purified.
[1:25:35] And that was the uh I still I'll never
[1:25:37] forget in my life just sitting quietly
[1:25:39] with him in a in a room where he was
[1:25:41] lying on his sick bed and sitting
[1:25:43] quietly just like sunlight room that's
[1:25:45] it
[1:25:46] there's something very great about such
[1:25:48] a person whose very presence can uplift
[1:25:50] you anyway towards the very end of his
[1:25:53] life just few months before he died he
[1:25:55] was on his sick bed and very frail I
[1:25:57] never saw him unhappy I always had a
[1:25:59] glimmer in his glitter a glimmer in his
[1:26:02] eyes twinkling and he looked a little
[1:26:04] like Einstein with fluffy hair like this
[1:26:07] and short and fair.
[1:26:10] So I asked him a question, a vanta
[1:26:12] question and he thought and he thought
[1:26:14] and then he said you see I can't
[1:26:17] remember it's all going away exactly
[1:26:20] what the philosopher said I can't
[1:26:22] remember it's all going away and then
[1:26:25] with the I still remember that brilliant
[1:26:27] smile he said
[1:26:30] let it go its work is done
[1:26:35] or kaj in Bengali he said let it go his
[1:26:38] lifetime of learning He was the most one
[1:26:40] of the most learned monks had met all
[1:26:42] the vant and all the Sanskrit and
[1:26:44] everything he
[1:26:46] let it go because he has found something
[1:26:49] that will not go away
[1:26:52] even when all the learning goes even
[1:26:54] when the body will die and not it will
[1:26:56] not go away and that's the whole
[1:26:58] purpose. Yes, please come. And then next
[1:27:01] you will
[1:27:13] >> thank you Swami G. I'm Nandini from
[1:27:15] India from Gujarat.
[1:27:18] I wanted to know that if somebody is
[1:27:21] trying to
[1:27:23] uh self-learn
[1:27:25] and uh go on this path, what would be
[1:27:29] the sequence?
[1:27:31] Like you said there isad and there's
[1:27:33] Gita and there's Brahma Sutra. So where
[1:27:36] would one start
[1:27:37] >> and how would one progress?
[1:27:40] >> Yes,
[1:27:42] there is a sequence. I'll tell you the
[1:27:45] classical sequence first and then I'll
[1:27:47] tell you a little bit of a more
[1:27:49] practical my spin on it which is more
[1:27:52] makes it easier more adaptable to today.
[1:27:55] So the classical sequence of the
[1:27:58] upishads
[1:28:10] 10 majors the
[1:28:13] Aishad kishad
[1:28:16] prashnishad mundakishad mandukad
[1:28:20] chandogia
[1:28:21] prashn also there yeah iteria titeria
[1:28:24] chandogia and these are 10 opanishads
[1:28:27] and this is sequence which is suggested
[1:28:29] but I really don't know if monks or the
[1:28:32] scholars genuinely follow this sequence
[1:28:34] because the sequence does not um
[1:28:37] it's um not the easiest
[1:28:42] and upanishads should be followed by
[1:28:45] study of the um Brahma Sutra and the
[1:28:47] Gita.
[1:28:49] Um usually it should be
[1:28:52] um
[1:28:54] Brahma Sutra first and Gita next.
[1:28:57] Upanishads, Brahma Sutra and Gita. You
[1:29:00] might say that's strange. Gita is
[1:29:01] supposed to be the easiest. No, no, no.
[1:29:03] Gita is the practical application.
[1:29:05] Upanishads are what is called shi prana.
[1:29:08] That which is heard, the fundamental,
[1:29:09] the foundation. Brahma sutras are called
[1:29:11] the naya prthan the logic. So you when
[1:29:14] you study the opanishad you'll have lots
[1:29:16] of questions and that those have to be
[1:29:18] ironed out and the bhagavat gita is
[1:29:21] smiti practical application of all of
[1:29:23] this
[1:29:25] and then they have they all have their
[1:29:27] commentaries. So we talking only about
[1:29:29] adwita vanta. Shankara charar's
[1:29:31] commentaries and then there is a whole
[1:29:33] sequence of postshankar shankara's works
[1:29:35] and post shankaro independent works vive
[1:29:38] churamani panchadashi atma many many
[1:29:41] many many books okay what was what's
[1:29:45] traditionally done is we also studied
[1:29:48] that way when you traditionally start
[1:29:49] vanta you are introduced to you of
[1:29:52] course you expected to know a little bit
[1:29:53] of Sanskrit at least but now all these
[1:29:56] books have English translations and
[1:29:58] other transl translations in other
[1:29:59] languages Angages you're introduced to a
[1:30:02] traditional manual of vanta called a
[1:30:05] praaranaganta
[1:30:07] which is we in our system we had
[1:30:09] vantaasara it's written about 700 years
[1:30:12] ago it's an introduction to the system
[1:30:14] of vdant meant for students beginners
[1:30:17] that itself is pretty difficult so
[1:30:20] that's the beginning and that has its
[1:30:22] own subcommentaries so we were taught
[1:30:23] that you can supplement it with other
[1:30:27] these there are many such praana texts
[1:30:30] uh so and then go into the opanishads
[1:30:34] and go into the brahma sutras. Brahma
[1:30:36] sutras you can limit it to the first
[1:30:38] four sutras and then go into the study
[1:30:41] of gita with shankara's commentaries.
[1:30:43] This would constitute a traditional
[1:30:46] education in vdanta. So upanish 10ishads
[1:30:49] Bhagavat Brahma Sutra Bhagavat Gita and
[1:30:52] a selection of the praaras including one
[1:30:55] introductory praar in some tua bodha is
[1:30:58] used for in some ashrams in our ashum
[1:31:00] it's vantasad
[1:31:03] yeah so this would be the traditional
[1:31:04] way now the problem is
[1:31:08] one will run out of breath much long
[1:31:10] before you finish this course so I
[1:31:12] always say start with English books
[1:31:14] which are inspiring in generally
[1:31:17] Generally I would say that
[1:31:18] unhesitatingly start with Swami
[1:31:20] Viveandarand's books
[1:31:22] the four yogas of Swami Viveandanda
[1:31:25] Ghana karma bakti and raja yoga you
[1:31:28] start with swami viveandanda's books I
[1:31:30] personally in my life before I became a
[1:31:32] monk I was inspired by the books of
[1:31:34] swami Ashokanandh gi who was the head of
[1:31:36] the vdantra society in northern
[1:31:38] California in 1950s and60s very
[1:31:40] inspiring but those are like standalone
[1:31:42] books they're all given lectures given
[1:31:44] in English translated into I mean
[1:31:45] compiled into books
[1:31:48] And then I would say start with an
[1:31:50] interesting um introduction. This is
[1:31:53] just my personal take on it like dria va
[1:31:56] the one which I used today. The first
[1:31:58] shloka which I used today this morning
[1:32:01] that is not a comprehensive introduction
[1:32:04] to vanta but the beauty of that is so
[1:32:07] exciting from the very beginning itself.
[1:32:08] It's gets straight to the point and it's
[1:32:10] something that you can it gives you the
[1:32:12] central insight straight away. So your
[1:32:15] interest is aroused enthusiasm enthus
[1:32:21] when that is there the desire is there
[1:32:22] to plunge further.
[1:32:25] Then you come to the Bhagavad Gita. So
[1:32:27] this is my reverse way of the Bhagavad
[1:32:31] Gita is eminently practical. It'll give
[1:32:34] us answers to spiritual life like this
[1:32:36] for example
[1:32:38] what we are talking about those 20
[1:32:40] practices and all it's there in the Gita
[1:32:41] many such things are there discussions
[1:32:43] of daily importance in spiritual life
[1:32:47] and let the study of Gita continue side
[1:32:50] by side you take up the opishads one by
[1:32:52] one start with I I tried an interesting
[1:32:56] thing started with the highest and most
[1:32:58] difficult the manduki opishad it's the
[1:33:01] smallest of the opishads
[1:33:03] But it's the most powerful also. So I
[1:33:07] said always you try it. Are you
[1:33:09] enlightened yet? No. Then the rest of
[1:33:11] the opishations will come.
[1:33:16] Hanuman asks Ramchandra what is that by
[1:33:18] which those who seek liberation will be
[1:33:20] liberated and Ramchandra says study the
[1:33:22] mandukanishad and if I don't become
[1:33:25] liberated enlightened he says then then
[1:33:27] he gives Ramchandra gives a list of
[1:33:28] 108ishads.
[1:33:30] You better become limited by enlightened
[1:33:33] by manduka.
[1:33:36] So manduka opishad with kalika manduka
[1:33:39] karika
[1:33:41] then an easier course of study.
[1:33:54] Isaiah,
[1:34:04] Chandogia and Brihadaraka
[1:34:08] and you can go in for selected portions
[1:34:09] in Briadika chapters three and four in
[1:34:11] Chandogia chapters six and seven. You
[1:34:13] don't have to do the whole thing. There
[1:34:15] are parts which are and my teachers
[1:34:17] would be horrified to hear me say this.
[1:34:18] They're deadly boring.
[1:34:22] It'll
[1:34:24] it'll snap the nerve of effort if you
[1:34:27] try to complete the whole book. But the
[1:34:28] traditional teachers won't let you off.
[1:34:30] It'll take years and years to and once
[1:34:32] you start, no stopping. I remember one
[1:34:36] class we were starting and someone in
[1:34:38] the back asked, "So when will it be
[1:34:40] over?" First class itself, how long do
[1:34:43] you think it'll be over? And the swami
[1:34:45] said, "Uh, it the point is not to get it
[1:34:48] over with. The point is to go on with
[1:34:49] this. As long as your breath is there,
[1:34:52] the opanishad is there. Breathing in,
[1:34:54] breathing out, upanishad will come. When
[1:34:55] the breath stops and you're dead,ad is
[1:34:57] over for you.
[1:34:59] Another swami was less patient. The
[1:35:01] classes were starting. In the first
[1:35:03] class, somebody said, "How long will it
[1:35:05] take?" And the swami said, "You leave
[1:35:07] right now. Go, go, go. Don't stay in the
[1:35:10] class. This is not for you."
[1:35:13] That's the traditional way. But I think
[1:35:15] the important thing is to keep the
[1:35:17] attention of interest of the of the
[1:35:19] seeker. So yeah.
[1:35:20] >> May I please ask one more question?
[1:35:22] >> Uh later on you reserve it for tomorrow.
[1:35:25] Okay. Last question because we have run
[1:35:26] out of time again. Come here. Tell us
[1:35:30] your name and ask the question.
[1:35:36] >> Namaste Swami G. Can can everyone hear?
[1:35:38] Should I bring this down?
[1:35:39] >> Tell us your name and ask.
[1:35:41] >> Yeah. Um my name is Ritu and uh I'm from
[1:35:43] India but I live in Washington DC.
[1:35:45] >> Washington DC.
[1:35:46] >> So I have a question. You you said
[1:35:49] something this morning. You said you are
[1:35:52] distinct from the universe but the
[1:35:54] universe is not distinct from you.
[1:35:56] >> Keep that in mind. Many people can't
[1:35:58] wrap their idea head around this thing
[1:36:00] which is extremely important for
[1:36:01] non-duality. Yes. So by this
[1:36:05] my understanding is by you you mean you
[1:36:08] as consciousness distinct from the
[1:36:10] universe which is objects.
[1:36:12] >> Yes.
[1:36:13] >> But the objects are not distinct from
[1:36:16] you because their appearances in you and
[1:36:18] nothing but you because you're non-dual
[1:36:20] with respect to them.
[1:36:21] >> Correct. Correct.
[1:36:22] >> But I'm trying to understand this with
[1:36:24] respect to
[1:36:26] consciousness and existence.
[1:36:28] >> Mhm. And Viveanandanda said that where
[1:36:31] Satan and Anand where one exists the
[1:36:34] other two also exist.
[1:36:36] >> Yes.
[1:36:36] >> And I think in your lectures on the
[1:36:38] Bhagat Gita you talked about
[1:36:41] consciousness and its dependence on
[1:36:43] existence
[1:36:44] >> because you cannot be a nonexistent
[1:36:48] consciousness
[1:36:49] >> obviously
[1:36:49] >> but existence is not dependent on
[1:36:52] consciousness. But is my understanding
[1:36:54] correct that consciousness manifests
[1:36:57] >> consciousness manif manifests existence
[1:37:00] or do I have that wrong?
[1:37:03] >> Usually we think consciousness manifests
[1:37:05] existence. It's as simple as I am I
[1:37:09] exist. I'm sure about it. Like Deart
[1:37:10] said, nobody can doubt it one's own
[1:37:12] existence. And I am conscious. I'm sure
[1:37:14] about that too. And to me the
[1:37:17] consciousness the existence of the
[1:37:19] objective universe is revealed. So it
[1:37:21] seems like consciousness is revealing
[1:37:23] existence that this existence is also
[1:37:26] the same consciousness is not clear to
[1:37:28] me at all. That's what Vanta wants to
[1:37:30] tell us. You are consciousness and you
[1:37:33] of course exist and what you experience
[1:37:37] exists. Existence is revealed by
[1:37:39] consciousness. That's our common sense
[1:37:41] approach. That's what we feel in life. I
[1:37:43] am experiencing things means I
[1:37:46] experience the existence of things.
[1:37:48] Right?
[1:37:50] But um Vanta wants to go further and say
[1:37:54] this existence and this consciousness
[1:37:56] are one and the same thing. Notice if
[1:37:59] existence were apart from consciousness.
[1:38:02] Then it would become an object which it
[1:38:05] is these objects it would no longer be
[1:38:08] that infinite existence we're talking
[1:38:09] about in vanta. The infinite existence
[1:38:11] means existence without a limit. And if
[1:38:14] conscious existence is apart from
[1:38:16] consciousness then there's a limit.
[1:38:17] consciousness you are consciousness and
[1:38:19] you stop and there is some separate
[1:38:21] existence
[1:38:22] then it would not be the infinite
[1:38:24] existence then it would be a limited
[1:38:26] existence
[1:38:28] I'll just leave it at that what vant
[1:38:31] when vanta says
[1:38:34] another way of putting it is limitless
[1:38:36] consciousness and limitless existence
[1:38:38] are the same thing yeah if you you the
[1:38:41] consciousness you right now you know
[1:38:43] what the problem is I don't doubt that
[1:38:46] I'm conscious but I I am this limited
[1:38:48] survan consciousness and everything else
[1:38:51] is separate from me.
[1:38:54] I don't really disbelieve that there is
[1:38:57] a god but this god is a matter of
[1:38:59] belief. It's not an experience
[1:39:02] and I sort of also get that there is a
[1:39:05] limitless existence consciousness place.
[1:39:07] I've been studying vanta for decades and
[1:39:09] decades. I'm sort of convinced about it.
[1:39:10] There is this reality but my language
[1:39:13] way I'm expressing it it's all not me.
[1:39:17] I honestly hesitate to say I am Brahman,
[1:39:20] the limitless existence consciousness
[1:39:22] place. I don't have a hesitation to say
[1:39:24] I am Sarva Priyanandha. It seems
[1:39:26] absolutely okay for me to say I'm servy.
[1:39:28] It seems a little odd and a little
[1:39:30] grandio and a little megalomanical to
[1:39:32] say I am the absolute
[1:39:36] and this is exactly ignorance. What is
[1:39:39] ignorance? I'm quoting from a swami.
[1:39:40] I'll leave you with this thought. What
[1:39:42] is ignorance?
[1:39:44] The otherness of Brahman
[1:39:52] that God is a belief not an experience
[1:39:57] and the limitedness of the self
[1:40:00] these three are ignorance in knowledge
[1:40:03] Brahman wouldn't be another I am Brahman
[1:40:07] God wouldn't be a matter of belief it's
[1:40:09] a fact
[1:40:11] and the self is not limited
[1:40:14] Self becomes unlimited. There's nothing
[1:40:16] other than the self. All of it is the
[1:40:18] self. That is knowledge.
[1:40:22] As long as I ascend, yes, there is some
[1:40:24] Brahman or there is no Brahman.
[1:40:26] Ignorance.
[1:40:28] As long as I feel I believe in God or I
[1:40:30] disbelieve in God, ignorance. As long as
[1:40:33] I feel I I am this guy. And that's it.
[1:40:37] Ignorance.
[1:40:41] one unlimited shining existence from one
[1:40:45] perspective it is Brahman another
[1:40:46] perspective it's God another perspective
[1:40:48] it's the self it's just that one
[1:40:50] non-dual existence is all that there is
[1:40:52] and this is it
[1:40:56] shanty shanty
[1:40:59] shantrishna